Fish Data : Leopard Danio

Family Name: Cyprinidae (carp family)

Genus Name: Danio (danio = probably a native name)

Species Name: frankei (after someone named Frank)

Common Name: leopard danio

Size : 2.5 Inches ( About 6.35 cm )

Aquarium Hardiness : Very Hardy

Aquarist Experience Level : Beginner

Descriptions :

     Danios are one of the most common aquarium fishes. These small fish are great for a community tank and are not fussy about either food or water conditions. All danios are schooling fish and because they are in constant motion, a school of them makes an impressive sight. In addition to being hardy, inexpensive, and easy to keep, they are also prolific egglayers.

     This fish is easily distinguished from the zebra danio by its color pattern. Leopard danios have a brassy gold coloration covered with a large number of small irregularly shaped, dark-blue or black spots. This is very different than the four horizontal stripes which identify the zebra danio. All danios possess two pairs of barbels. However, these are next to impossible to see because during the day they are held close to the face. Only at night are these barbels held away from the body, presumably to aid the fish in maneuvering.

Tank Setup & Care :

• Minimum Tank Size: 10 gal (38 L)
• Substrate Type: Any
• Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting
• Temperature: 64.0 - 75.0° F (17.8 - 23.9° C)
• Range ph: 6.0-8.0
• Hardness Range: 2 - 20 dGH
• Brackish: No
• Water Movement: Moderate
• Water Region: All - The Leopard Danio and the Longfin Leopard Danio will spend most of their time primarily in the upper region of the aquarium, particularly if there is open water or water current.
• Water Changes: Monthly

Foods and Feeding :
    The Leopard danio are omnivorous fish. A balanced diet for them would include flake or pelleted foods, plant based food, and occasional live. ,These fish are quite active and have high nutrient requirements, so select a flake food that will provide everything that their needs.

• Diet Type: Omnivore
• Flake Food: Yes
• Tablet Pellet: Yes
• Live foods (fishes, shrimps, worms): Some of Diet
• Vegetable Food: Some of Diet
• Meaty Food: Some of Diet
• Feeding Frequency: Several feedings per day

Tank Mate :

    This fish should be housed with other peaceful fish. Exp. Cherry Barb,Rosy Barb, ETC. Leopard Danios can be fin-nippers if not kept in proper shoal and should therefore be kept in groups of 5 or more.
    Don't keep them with fish that can eat them or fish that demand a peaceful aquarium. Also, those with long flowing fins are a temptation too great for any fin nipper to resist, so pick other tank mates carefully.

• Venomous: No
• Temperament: Peaceful - Although a peaceful fish, there is often a clear pecking order in the school. This fish is easily combined with other community fish so long as the others are tolerant of the fast swimming and highly active Leopard Danio

• Compatible with:
• Same species - conspecifics: Yes
• Peaceful fish (): Safe - These are a very lively fish so pick tankmates that will not be bothered by it.
• Semi-Aggressive: (): Threat
• Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: Safe - not aggressive
• Sex differences :
      The Males Leopard Danio are more streamlined and slim in body shape, while mature females are plumper.
  
  Breeding / Reproduction
      The Leopard Danio is one of the easiest egg-scatterers to breed. Because water condition is not really an issue to keep and breed this fish, 4 or 5 inches of tap water can be used in a 10 gallons tank. Plastic plants and a sponge filter will do just great. Adding a heater is not required but the hatching process will go faster (approximately 24 hours) if water is kept at 79F. The breeding tank will also have a few layers of marbles in the bottom for the eggs to fall into as soon as the female releases them. A net can also be used. Another technique uses thin plants to breed this species. Anyway, whatever methods are being used, the point is to keep the parents away from their eggs. Danio Frankei and all Danio species in general are avid egg-eaters. A tank cover is always a must when keeping Danios.
       Males and females can be conditioned separately for 2 weeks. Feed them heavily on live food (bloodworms). Females will become a lot rounder after the meals. This conditioning period is not required but when the parents are conditioned properly, they usually spawn and fertilize more eggs.
  One male and two females should be introduced in the breeding tank in the evening (females are bigger and rounder). Spawning process for this fish is triggered by the morning daylight in this species. For this reason it is important to set up the breeding tank near a source of daylight (window). It is usually the female who attract the male in the spawning parade. They start rubbing and picking at their sides.
• 
      When the female Leopard Danio releases her eggs, they are fertilized by the male. As much as 400 eggs can be released but usually less than a 100 (not as prolific as Brachydanio Rerio). The non-adhesive eggs fall between the marbles away from the hungry parents. At this point, the parents must be removed from the tank. The eggs hatch after 24 to 48 hours. Fry should be fed infusoria as their first food. When they become big enough, start feeding them baby brine shrimps then regular fish foods. The fry become mature after five months

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